日期：2012-06-02 15:08:00 来源：本站整理
MySQL主从同步、读写别离配置步骤[MySQL防范]
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目前利用的两台服务器已经安装了MySQL,满是rpm包装的,能正常利用.
为了避免不必要的麻烦,主从服务器MySQL版本尽大概保持一致;
环境:192.168.0.1 （Master）
192.168.0.2 (Slave)
MySQL Version:Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.48, for pc-linux-gnu (i686) using readline 5.1
1、登录Master服务器,改正my.cnf,增添以下内容;
server-id = 1 //数据库ID号, 为1时表示为Master,此中master_id必须为1到232–1之间的一个正整数值;
log-bin=mysql-bin //启用二进制日记;
binlog-do-db=data //需求同步的二进制数据库名;
binlog-ignore-db=mysql //差别步的二进制数据库名;这个同步后据说很麻烦,我没有同步;
log-bin=/var/log/mysql/updatelog //设定生成的log文件名;
log-slave-updates //把更新的记录写到二进制文件中;
slave-skip-errors //跳不对误,持续履行复制;
2、成立复制所要利用的用户;
mysql>grant replication slave on *.* to test@192.168.0.2 identified by '********'
3、重启mysql;
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -uroot shutdown;
/usr/bin/mysql_safe &
4、目前备份Master上的数据;
锁定后我直接tar.gz data这个库文件;
mysql>FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
cd /var/lib/mysql
tar data.tar.gz data
接着直接履行了远程scp;
scp ./data.tar.gz root@192.168.0.2:/var/lib/mysql
5、登录Slave数据库服务器,改正my.cnf;
server-id = 3 //2已经被用在另一个服务器上了,假如今后要再加Slave号接着往后数就OK了;
log-bin=mysql-bin
master-host = 192.168.0.1
master-user = test
master-password = ******
master-port = 3306
master-connect-retry=60 //假如发现主服务器断线,重新衔接的时间差;
replicate-ignore-db=mysql //不需求备份的数据库;
replicate-do-db=data //需求备份的数据库
log-slave-update
slave-skip-errors
6、解压方才从Master scp过来的文件,此处不用改权限、属主,默许没有改变,可以按照实际情形举行改正;
7、上述完成后,可以启动slave了;查看slave状况;
mysql>slave start;
mysql>show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.1
Master_User: test
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: updatelog.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 106
Relay_Log_File: onlinevc-relay-bin.000013
Relay_Log_Pos: 1069
Relay_Master_Log_File: updatelog.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: data
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 106
Relay_Log_Space: 1681
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
8、查看Master上面的状况;
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| updatelog.000012 | 15016 | data | mysql |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
由此可见二者的File、Position存在问题,所要要去Slave上设置对应主库的Master_Log_File、Read_Master_Log_Pos;履行以下语句;
mysql>slave stop;
mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.1',MASTER_USER='test', MASTER_PASSWORD='******',MASTER_LOG_FILE='updatelog.000012',MASTER_LOG_POS=15016;
确保 Slave_IO_Running: Yes 、Slave_SQL_Running: Yes都要为YES才能证明Slave的I/O和SQL举行正常.
9、解锁主库表;
UNLOCK TABLES;
到此主从MySQL服务器配置完成,测试后果以下;
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| updatelog.000012 | 717039 | data | mysql |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.0.1
Master_User: test
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: updatelog.000012
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 717039
Relay_Log_File: onlinevc-relay-bin.000013
Relay_Log_Pos: 1222
Relay_Master_Log_File: updatelog.000012
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: data
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 717039
Relay_Log_Space: 1834
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
#################################### 以下是MySQL数据库读写别离操作步骤 ##########################################
此处利用MySQL自己（Mysql-proxy）的代理实现数据库的读写别离;
所需求安装包以下;
1、check-0.9.8
2、glib-2.18.4
3、libevent-2.0.6-rc
4、lua-5.1.4
wget http://www.lua.org/ftp/lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
5、pkg-config-0.23
6、mysql-5.0.56
7、mysql-proxy-0.8.0
http://mysql.cdpa.nsysu.edu.tw/Downloads/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.0.tar.gz
别的安装包地址当时没有记下载地址,不过大部份都在这个网站上找的;http://sourceforge.net/
&&&&&&&&&& 安装开始 &&&&&&&&
1、tar -zxvf check-0.8.4.tar.gz
cd check-0.8.4
./configure
make
make install
2、tar -zxvf glib-2.18.4.tar.gz //系统rpm包大概版本低呈现了问题3;
./configure
make
make install
3、tar -zxvf libevent-2.0.6-rc.tar.gz
cd libevent-2.0.6-rc
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libevent
make && make install
4、tar -zxvf lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local/lua // 为了把lua安装到/var/lib/lua下,故要改正其下的Makefile;
大概直接履行:sed -i 's#INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local#INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local/lua#' Makefile
root@testmysql [/software/lua-5.1.4]# make
Please do
make PLATFORM
where PLATFORM is one of these:
aix ansi bsd freebsd generic linux macosx mingw posix solaris
See INSTALL for complete instructions.
这处是要你挑选服务器所利用的平台;
履行:make linux //此处履行后呈现了错误,办理办法在下面问题办理区1处,此处先跳过;
再履行:make install
设置环境变量:
export LUA_CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/lua/include" LUA_LIBS="-L/usr/local/lua/lib -llua -ldl" LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/libevent/lib -lm"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/libevent/include"
export CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/libevent/include"
5、tar -zxvf pkg-config-0.23.tar.gz
cd pkg-config-0.23
./configure
make
make install
安装完之后要履行:cp etc/lua.pc /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/lua5.1.pc //缘由见下面的问题办理区2处;
6、安装MySQL客户端;
因为此服务器系统是默许安装了MySQL,没有安装客户端,我又装了client、devel以下所示已安装的rpm包;
root@testmysql [/software/lua-5.1.4]# rpm -qa | grep MySQL
MySQL-client-5.1.48-0.glibc23
MySQL-bench-5.0.91-0.glibc23
MySQL-test-5.1.48-0.glibc23
MySQL-shared-5.1.48-0.glibc23
MySQL-server-5.1.48-0.glibc23
MySQL-devel-5.1.48-0.glibc23
此后的Mysql-proxy时老是一向报错,编译不过去,无奈之下用源码包客户端;（此时的rpm包都没有卸载,直接履行了下面的安装）//此处问题见问题办理区4处;
tar zxvf mysql-5.0.56.tar.gz //此处我直接利用了mysql的5.0.56的源码包;
cd mysql-5.0.56
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --without-server
make && make install
7、tar xvf mysql-proxy-0.8.0.tar.gz
cd mysql-proxy-0.8.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql-proxy --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-lua //问题办理处4有介绍;
Make && Make install
8、在/var/lib/bin成立mysql-proxy.sh,内容以下;
#!/bin/bash
LUA_PATH="/usr/local/mysql-proxy/lib/mysql-proxy/lua/?.lua" /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.0.1:3306 --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.0.2:3306 --proxy-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/lib/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua >> /var/log/mysql-proxy.log &
然后加上可履行权限;
chmod a+x /var/lib/bin/mysql-proxy.sh
履行:/var/lib/bin/mysql-proxy.sh 启动服务;
9、考证能否开户了:4040、4041;
root@testmysql [/usr/local/bin]# netstat -an | grep 404*
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4040 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:4041 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
10、测试读写别离,此步略过,全部配置已经完成.
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 问题办理区 &&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
1、在安装的第四步履行make linux时报错以下:
root@testmysql [/software/lua-5.1.4]# make linux
cd src && make linux
make[1]: Entering directory `/software/lua-5.1.4/src'
make all MYCFLAGS=-DLUA_USE_LINUX MYLIBS="-Wl,-E -ldl -lreadline -lhistory -lncurses"
make[2]: Entering directory `/software/lua-5.1.4/src'
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lapi.o lapi.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lcode.o lcode.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o ldebug.o ldebug.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o ldo.o ldo.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o ldump.o ldump.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lfunc.o lfunc.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lgc.o lgc.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o llex.o llex.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lmem.o lmem.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lobject.o lobject.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lopcodes.o lopcodes.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lparser.o lparser.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lstate.o lstate.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lstring.o lstring.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o ltable.o ltable.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o ltm.o ltm.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lundump.o lundump.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lvm.o lvm.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lzio.o lzio.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lauxlib.o lauxlib.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lbaselib.o lbaselib.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o ldblib.o ldblib.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o liolib.o liolib.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lmathlib.o lmathlib.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o loslib.o loslib.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o ltablib.o ltablib.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lstrlib.o lstrlib.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o loadlib.o loadlib.c
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o linit.o linit.c
ar rcu liblua.a lapi.o lcode.o ldebug.o ldo.o ldump.o lfunc.o lgc.o llex.o lmem.o lobject.o lopcodes.o lparser.o lstate.o lstring.o ltable.o ltm.o lundump.o lvm.o lzio.o lauxlib.o lbaselib.o ldblib.o liolib.o lmathlib.o loslib.o ltablib.o lstrlib.o loadlib.o linit.o
ranlib liblua.a
gcc -O2 -Wall -DLUA_USE_LINUX -c -o lua.o lua.c
In file included from lua.h:16,
from lua.c:15:
luaconf.h:275:31: error: readline/readline.h: No such file or directory
luaconf.h:276:30: error: readline/history.h: No such file or directory
lua.c: In function 鈥榩ushline鈥?
lua.c:182: warning: implicit declaration of function 鈥榬eadline鈥?
lua.c:182: warning: assignment makes pointer from integer without a cast
lua.c: In function 鈥榣oadline鈥?
lua.c:210: warning: implicit declaration of function 鈥榓dd_history鈥?
make[2]: *** [lua.o] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/software/lua-5.1.4/src'
make[1]: *** [linux] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/software/lua-5.1.4/src'
make: *** [linux] Error 2
办理办法:yum install libtermcap-devel
yum install ncurses-devel
yum install libevent-devel
yum install readline-devel
2、安装MySQL-proxy时报错:
checking for LUA... configure: error: Package requirements (lua5.1 >= 5.1) were not met:
No package 'lua5.1' found
Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you
installed software in a non-standard prefix.
Alternatively, you may set the environment variables LUA_CFLAGS
and LUA_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.
办理办法:
cp etc/lua.pc /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/lua5.1.pc
3、安装MySQL-proxy时报错:
checking for GLIB... configure: error: Package requirements (glib-2.0 >= 2.16.0) were not met:
No package 'glib-2.0' found
Consider adjusting the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable if you
installed software in a non-standard prefix.
Alternatively, you may set the environment variables GLIB_CFLAGS
and GLIB_LIBS to avoid the need to call pkg-config.
See the pkg-config man page for more details.
办理办法:
1、查看系统已经安装glib的rpm包;
glibc-2.5-49.el5_5.4
glibc-headers-2.5-49.el5_5.4
glib2-2.12.3-4.el5_3.1
glibc-common-2.5-49.el5_5.4
glibc-devel-2.5-49.el5_5.4
2、下载安装glib-2.18.4.tar.gz
4、刚开始利用系统里rpm所指定的mysq_config时,mysql-proxy安装报错,信息以下;
configure: error: mysql_config not exists or not executable, use $ ./configure --with-mysql=/path/to/mysql_config
看到帮忙安装文档里要求以下:
--with-mysql[=PATH] Include MySQL support. PATH is the path to 'mysql_config'.
办理办法就是:安装包中的第6步
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